A person is, among all else, a material thing, easily torn and not easily mended. Ian McEwan
If I ever say, “I have undone that deed,” I shall be both a fool and a liar. Josiah Royce
I am not a saint, unless you think of a saint as a sinner who keeps on trying. Nelson Mandela
I’m too old to recover, too narrow to forgive myself. Lillian Hellman
And here, shipmates, is true and faithful repentance; not clamorous for pardon, but grateful for punishment. Herman Melville
It’s when I have to acknowledge the past and all of those nameless, faceless people I’d assassinated, that I unravel inside. Cheyenne McCray
Out of small changes come great things. Alan Kinross
This has been a busy virtual week at the UN given the confluence of the opening of the 75th General Assembly, the UN’s 75th anniversary commemorations and a bevy of important high-level events on a range of issues germane to all three “pillars” of the UN. From ensuring inclusive participation in political processes and ending women’s rights violations associated with capital punishment to addressing our widening biodiversity crisis and affirming international legal prohibitions against the possession or use of nuclear weapons, the UN once again demonstrated its unparalleled ability to multi-task in response to the cocktail of global emergencies that now demand our full attention and that the current COVID pandemic has significantly, if not gravely, complicated.
Much of the discourse this week, especially during the 75th anniversary commemoration, was focused on the UN as an institution, what it does well and what it could surely do better. Reaffirmations of the value and importance of multi-lateral problem solving could be heard through almost every virtual presentation. Calls for UN reform were almost as numerous, especially for reform of a Security Council whose levels of transparency and relevance to the rest of the UN system have actually improved a bit, but rarely to a degree that satisfies the general membership. Especially at this moment of significant acrimony and disharmony among the permanent members, and despite the fact that states complaining loudly about the Council often go to great lengths to win a term as an elected member, the Security Council has become as much of a worry for states as a reassurance.
Of course, this is not the only area of the UN where reforms were urged. States this week highlighted their concerns about the effectiveness of and financial resources for peacekeeping operations, the insufficient global coherence in the struggle to manage the COVID pandemic, the relative inability of the UN to enforce its treaty obligations or even sustain the political obligations of states to honor pledges to reduce emissions and fund humanitarian operations, let alone to honor in other tangible ways the institution they all claim to be “indispensable” by treating it as though it is precisely that.
During the general debate this week, the speeches of global leaders were characterized by the usual combination of gratitude and pleading, probably appropriate given this time of “triple threat” from climate change, COVID infections, and economic decline. Pacific island states sought relief from a climate emergency they did not cause; land-locked developing states sought debt relief and concessional finance to help them meet their sustainable development obligations; states (such as Armenia and Azerbaijan, and India and Pakistan) caught in a seemingly endless cycle of aggression, distrust and political turmoil sought both justification for their positions and a path forward on political resolution for which the UN’s mediating role was deemed essential; states which have taken on responsibilities to ensure the UN’s survival and relevance sought assurances from their fellow members that dues will be paid, that civilians will be protected and that international law will be upheld.
Having watched 20 years or so of these opening extravaganzas, and with all due regard for the ways in which digital speechmaking alters both content and mood, it has been made clear, yet again, the degree to which most of the speeches during this General Assembly general debate are more for domestic than multi-lateral consumption. Governments from the most democratic to the growing number of authoritarian entities spell out their domestic accomplishments while vetting their bilateral security concerns; India and Pakistan, the US and China, Ukraine and Russia, Turkey and Greece, Ethiopia and Egypt (over access to Nile River water) and many more. And while there are occasional “soft edges” to the speeches – Bhutan, Mexico, Ireland, Djibouti, Korea (ROK) and Fiji were noteworthy in this regard – too many of the presentations did what political speeches are generally known for – telling only the truth that is politically expedient and placing blame for shortcomings on the malfeasance of other states or the inattentions of global policy and financial institutions.
What rarely if ever happens is the public confession of responsibility by leaders for our broad-based dereliction of duty to our present and future; for our failure to practice the solidarity that leader after leader called for; for our tepid responses to climate and other threats that we know to be existential in nature; for our stubborn disregard of pledges made to fund humanitarian relief, keep the UN running effectively, and protect civilians from what, in some instances at least, is their gravest external threat – that from their own political leadership. The intransigence of leaders in the face of global crises remains perhaps the most serious threat to multi-lateral effectiveness. How, after all, can the UN bear the burden of its own reform when the states which constitute its membership and both fund and direct its activities are often so reform-phobic within their domestic domains?
It was not lost of me that this year’s General Assembly general debate overlapped with the Jewish remembrance of Yom Kippur, a time for us to reflect on those whom we have wronged, those from whom we must seek forgiveness, those with whom we very much need to be reconciled. It is a time, not for self-justification and facile claims to have undone wrongs we have done to the “not easily mended,” but rather for genuine examination of our actions and motives, for truth-telling that alone can bridge our many divides of political resentment, lowering what SG Guterres referred to this week as our global “fever,” and restoring the trust that remains the engine for any of the UN’s cooperative endeavors. It is a time in part about seeking forgiveness from others but also about offering forgiveness ourselves, recognizing that all of us have plenty to accomplish on both ends.
But as you might imagine, little of the spirit of Yom Kippur could be found infusing the culture surrounding this UN general debate. In the bureaucratic and political cultures that dominate our fractured world and its multilateral incarnations, such honesty about ourselves and all that we have metaphorically “assassinated” would as likely discomfort as inspire the global policy community. There is, it seems, only so much honesty about ourselves and our national cultures that we can tolerate, and we could certainly rely on this week’s general debate not to push those tolerance levels anywhere near their limits.
And yet, as delegations noted often this past week, especially during the 75th anniversary event on Monday, that trust is often the missing ingredient to progress – too often assumed and too little cultivated — in crafting effective multilateral antidotes to our current, toxic cocktail of global threats. And successful trust cultivation involves precisely what Yom Kippur demands of us – honesty about ourselves and our motives, openness to the gift of forgiveness sought and received, and a deeper commitment to the reconciliation which alone can guarantee fidelity to peace agreements, human rights treaties and sustainable development obligations.
The UN will never and probably should never become a hotbed of group therapy and spiritual renewal. And yet, the “solidarity” that presidents and prime ministers clamored for this week will surely remain elusive unless some of the habits and practices associated with Yom Kippur can better infuse our work in this UN space. The more we deny our own history, the more we seek to bury our complicity in wrongdoing, the more we insist on seeking pardon rather than accountability; in such instances reconciliation and solidarity will likely remain out of reach and the trust levels that we require from global constituents will continue to unravel.
Despite our various personal and institutional failings, we are not yet “too old to recover” nor to set in motion the relatively “small changes that can lead to great things.” But such changes presume that we recognize just how much we have yet to atone for; how much we have yet to confess regarding our multiple failings and promises un-kept; how much forgiveness is yet required if trust deficits are to turn around. Earlier this week, the newly-minted president of the General Assembly urged delegations to “leave your differences behind.” But this moment of Yom Kippur suggests that we can only accomplish this when the origins of differences are confessed, when forgiveness is offered and received, and when commitments to reform our personal and institutional engagements are both sincere and sustainable.
There is simply no other viable pathway to reconciliation across our many current divides. Hopefully we won’t have to wait another long and uncertain year to see if any of the suggestions inspired by Yom Kippur have stuck.



